DIY Plumbing Revolution: All You Need to Know About PEX Pipe CTS and IPS

When embarking on plumbing projects, understanding the compatibility and dimensions of pipes is crucial. PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) pipes have gained immense popularity due to their flexibility, durability, and corrosion resistance. However, the question that often arises is whether PEX pipe follows the Copper Tube Size (CTS) or the Iron Pipe Size (IPS) standard. This blog post aims to demystify this topic and provide a comprehensive guide to the differences and applications of CTS and IPS pipes.

CTS vs IPS: A Tale of Two Standards

Copper Tube Size (CTS)

CTS is a standard used to specify the outer diameter (OD) of copper pipes. It is commonly employed in residential and commercial plumbing systems, particularly for potable water distribution and heating applications. CTS pipes are measured in nominal sizes, which represent the approximate inner diameter (ID) of the pipe in inches. For instance, a CTS pipe with a nominal size of 1/2 inch has an OD of 5/8 inch.

Iron Pipe Size (IPS)

IPS is a standard used to specify both the OD and the nominal bore size of iron pipes. It is primarily used in industrial and commercial plumbing systems, as well as for gas distribution. Unlike CTS, IPS pipes are measured by their nominal bore size, which represents the approximate ID of the pipe in inches. However, the OD of IPS pipes is typically larger than the nominal bore size due to the thicker pipe walls required for higher pressure applications.

PEX Pipe: The Versatile Solution

PEX pipes offer the flexibility to adhere to either the CTS or IPS standard, depending on the specific application.

CTS PEX Pipes

CTS PEX pipes are designed to match the OD of copper pipes, making them ideal for use in existing plumbing systems that utilize CTS copper pipes. They are commonly used for potable water distribution, radiant floor heating, and hydronic heating systems.

IPS PEX Pipes

IPS PEX pipes are designed to match the nominal bore size of iron pipes, making them suitable for industrial and commercial plumbing applications. They are often used for gas distribution, compressed air systems, and irrigation systems.

Choosing the Right Pipe for the Job

The choice between CTS and IPS PEX pipes depends on the specific requirements of the project.

CTS PEX Pipes:

• Ideal for residential and commercial plumbing systems
• Compatible with existing CTS copper pipe systems
• Suitable for potable water distribution, radiant floor heating, and hydronic heating

IPS PEX Pipes:

• Designed for industrial and commercial applications
• Compatible with existing IPS iron pipe systems
• Suitable for gas distribution, compressed air systems, and irrigation

Installation Considerations

When installing PEX pipes, it is essential to use the correct fittings and tools. CTS PEX pipes require CTS fittings, while IPS PEX pipes require IPS fittings. Failure to match the pipe and fitting standards can lead to leaks, reduced performance, and potential safety hazards.

Advantages of PEX Pipes

Regardless of whether you choose CTS or IPS PEX pipes, you can enjoy several advantages:

• Flexibility: PEX pipes are highly flexible, making them easy to maneuver around obstacles and tight spaces.
• Corrosion Resistance: PEX pipes are resistant to corrosion, ensuring long-lasting performance and preventing leaks.
• Durability: PEX pipes are durable and can withstand high water pressure and temperature fluctuations.
• Cost-Effective: PEX pipes are generally more cost-effective than copper or iron pipes, making them an economical choice.

Final Thoughts

Whether you are tackling a DIY plumbing project or working with a professional plumber, understanding the difference between CTS and IPS PEX pipes is crucial. By matching the pipe standard to the specific application, you can ensure a reliable and long-lasting plumbing system.

Information You Need to Know

Q1: Can I use CTS PEX pipes in an IPS system?

A1: No, it is not recommended to use CTS PEX pipes in an IPS system, as the OD of CTS PEX pipes is smaller than the nominal bore size of IPS pipes, which can lead to leaks and reduced performance.

Q2: How do I identify the type of PEX pipe I have?

A2: You can identify the type of PEX pipe by measuring the OD or nominal bore size and comparing it to the CTS and IPS standards. Alternatively, you can check the manufacturer’s markings on the pipe itself.

Q3: Is PEX pipe suitable for outdoor use?

A3: Yes, PEX pipes can be used outdoors, provided they are protected from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures. It is recommended to use UV-resistant PEX pipes or to insulate the pipes for outdoor applications.